The past perfekt

(das Plusquamperfekt)

Beispiel:              When I arrived, the pupils hat started without me.

                               Since no instruction had given, there was the complete chaos.

1.       Bildung: Akitv: had+ 3. Grundform                         passiv: had been + 3. Grundform

2.       Verwendung: Vorzeitigkeit in der Vergangenheit.

3.       Konjunktionen: when, after, as soon as…